![]() The sensorimotor network has been well-studied using rs-fMRI in the preoperative setting, 10 with good agreement of rs-fMRI with both tb-fMRI 11 and DCS. Finally, intrinsic brain networks have been shown to be present even during sleep or anesthesia, opening the possibility of using this technique in patients who otherwise may not be able to tolerate MR imaging. Because no specific task needs to be performed, rs-fMRI can be more readily applied in patients with neurologic deficits or cognitive disturbance and in young children. 7 Instead of limiting interrogation to a specific brain function interrogated by a particular task, multiple brain networks can be assessed with a single rs-fMRI acquisition. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) can address some of these limitations. There are, however, limitations to tb-fMRI, including dedicated hardware and software, trained personnel to administer tasks, designing a suitable task to interrogate a specific brain function, and, most important, patient cooperation, which may be difficult for subsets of patients with cognitive impairment or advanced neurologic disease. 5, 6 Thus, fMRI is a valuable clinical tool for preoperative brain function localization. 1 ⇓ ⇓– 4 Task-based fMRI (tb-fMRI), a noninvasive technique for examining brain function, demonstrates good correlation with DCS for identification of eloquent brain regions, particularly in areas of sensorimotor and language representation. While direct cortical stimulation (DCS) is the criterion standard for assessing brain function, preoperative noninvasive functional brain imaging can aid in operative planning and decrease operative time. Precise brain function localization is critical for neurosurgical procedures in which lesions are near the eloquent cortex. I would recommend that before starting out with the program, prospective users take a really good look at the manual provided to make sure they know exactly what the program has to offer.ĭia is an excellent program for anyone who needs to make any type of structured diagram.ABBREVIATIONS: DCS direct cortical stimulation rs-fMRI resting-state fMRI SMA supplementary motor area tb-fMRI task-based fMRI It would also be very easy to miss out on some of its features purely because you didn't even know they existed. If there is any criticism that can be leveled at Dia, it is that the sheer volume of options makes it slightly overwhelming for the absolute beginner. You can change the specifications of this work surface, or modify the icons you use to create the diagrams, adding or removing them from categories or even creating new ones. The graph itself, which Dia calls "the canvas", is also modifiable. Within each sheet type, the icons can be placed, resized and generally modified at will, and the resulting document then saved, printed or exported.Įvery option is accompanied by rollover information. There are more than thirty different "sheets", each of which provide the symbols and icons needed for different types of diagrams, for example, electrical, cybernetics and flowchart. It is easy to use, comes with extensive help and training, and provides a huge variety of diagram options that are sure to meet the vast majority of casual users' needs.
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